persons in the rich and powerful class contributed their private land to ingu oshinke as manors to avoid tax obligation to kokuga . 富豪層も自らの私営田を院宮王臣家へ寄進して荘園とし、国衙への納税回避を図っていった。
moreover , in addition to the taibon sankajo , the three great duties (of answering the call to guard kyoto , and of hunting down traitors and assassins ) required of the gokenin (lower retainers ) during the kamakura period , the shugo were also tasked with protecting the rice fields from those who sought to avoid tax by harvesting rice illegally , and as time passed the rightful owners of the estates could no longer dare refuse to hire a shugo for their lands . また、鎌倉時代の御家人の3大義務であった大犯三ヶ条（大番催促、謀反人・殺害人の検断）に加えて、刈田狼藉の取締も守護の役務となり、荘園領主は守護の立入を拒むことができなくなった。
